Pilonidal Sinus

A pilonidal sinus is a small, abnormal tunnel or cavity that forms under the skin, typically at the base of the spine near the coccyx (tailbone). This condition is often associated with the growth of hair and can lead to chronic inflammation and infection.

Characteristics and Symptoms:

• Location: Most commonly found in the midline of the sacrococcygeal region (just above the buttocks).
• Symptoms:
  • Pain and Discomfort: Localized pain in the area, which can become more intense when sitting or standing for long periods.
  • Swelling and Redness: The area around the sinus may become swollen and red.
  • Discharge: The sinus can produce pus or a foul-smelling discharge if infected.
  • Abscess Formation: Infected pilonidal sinuses can lead to the formation of an abscess, which may cause severe pain and require urgent treatment.

Causes:

• Hair Follicles: The condition is thought to be related to hair follicles becoming embedded in the skin, which then leads to irritation and the formation of a sinus.
• Friction and Pressure: Activities that involve prolonged sitting or friction in the area, such as sitting on hard surfaces or repetitive movements, can contribute to the development of a pilonidal sinus.
• Genetic Factors: There may be a genetic predisposition to developing pilonidal disease.

Diagnosis:

• Physical Examination: A healthcare provider will often diagnose a pilonidal sinus based on a physical examination of the affected area.
• Imaging: In some cases, imaging studies like ultrasound or MRI may be used to assess the extent of the sinus and any associated abscesses.

Category:Pilonidal Sinus